Hexagram 8: 比
bǐ —belonging, affiliation, association; join, unite
By Augustin Chan · Last updated 2025
Upper Trigram水
Lower Trigram地
Judgment
比bǐbelonging, affiliation, association; join, unite
吉jípromising, fortunate, hopeful, auspicious
原yuánif, for a, an, the early, first, original, natural
筮shìdivining, consultation, oracle, inquiry
元yuánfirst-rate, supreme, fundamental, essential
永yǒnglasting, enduring, sustained, continued
貞zhēnpersistence, resolve, loyalty, commitment
無wúno; not; nothing; without, with no
咎jiùblame; wrong; a mistake, an error
不bùlacking, wanting; without, with no; if less
寧níngpeace, tranquility, serenity, rest, settledness
方fāngdirectly, promptly, honestly, squarely
來láiapproach, come forward
後hòuit is the tardy, late; to come, in coming
夫fūwho; ones who; are the ones
凶xiōngis, are unhappy, unfortunate, unlucky
比。吉。原筮元永貞,無咎。不寧方來,後夫凶。——團結帶嚟吉祥。再問神諭:你真係有偉大、恆久、堅毅嗎?如果無,就加入其他人嘅團隊。遲到嘅人會遇到凶險。
Image
地dìthe earth, land, ground
上shàngover, above, atop, across
有yǒuis, are, there is
水shuǐthe water
比bǐbelonging
先xiānthe ancient, early, original, former, founding
王wángsovereigns, kings, rulers, fathers
以yǐaccordingly, therefore, thus
建jiànorganized, established, set up, confirmed
萬wànthe myriad, many, numerous
國guórealms, domains, dominions, states
親qīnto relate, affiliate, make relatives/kinsmen of
諸zhūevery; all of the; the many, numerous
侯hóuchief, leader, noble, delegate, governor
地上有水,比之象。先王以建萬國,親諸侯。——水填滿每個空位,附住地。冒險團隊圍住枱聚埋,每個人帶嚟獨特技能,因共同任務同互相需要而團結。
Game Master's Codex

AD&D《地下城主指南》
加里·吉蓋克斯(Gary Gygax)/ TSR (1979)
紅色火巨魔封面嘅 DMG 定義咗桌上遊戲嘅黃金年代。入面:完整系統,用骰子、想像力、友誼嚟講故事。冒險團隊——陌生人因共同目標團結,每個人貢獻獨特技能達成共同目標。戰士、法師、牧師、盜賊:互補能力形成比個人力量更強大嘅嘢。水(上,流動,尋求平衡)在地(下,接納,支持)之上——玩家圍住枱聚埋,透過共享敘事尋求團結。中間一條陽爻:地下城主,值得信賴嘅中心,其他人圍住佢團結。D&D 創造咗基於團隊合作嘅概念模型,影響咗之後所有多人遊戲——從 MUD 到 MMO 到現代 raid 機制。枱邊嘅友誼,擲骰子抽樣命運,成為數碼協作嘅模板。
Historical Context
- Period
- 周朝
- Oracle Bone Etymology
- 水(☵)在上,流向一起。地(☷)在下,接納同支持。除咗第五爻,全部都係陰爻——陽剛嘅中心提供咗團結點。
- Traditional Use
- 衛禮賢描述呢個係水流聚埋向住海洋。團結需要一個中心——某人或某嘢令其他人可以圍住佢團結。
Lines
Line 1: 有孚比之無咎有孚盈缶終來有他吉
有yǒuhave, find; remember to
孚fútrue, sincere; confidence; trust
比bǐin belonging, joining, uniting with, to
之zhīthis, them, these
無wúno, not a; nothing
咎jiùerror, mistakes; wrong; make mistake
有yǒubeing, holding, staying; having, finding
孚fútrue, sincere, confident, assured; truth
盈yíngreplenishes, fills up, overflows, more than fills
缶fǒuthe, this earthen, plain clay vessel, bowl
終zhōngthe, this end, outcome, completion, whole
來láiwill come, arrive, appear, approach
有yǒuholding, having, with; to hold, have
他tāadditional, added, extra, even more, other
吉jípromise, hope, good luck, happiness
Line 2: 比之自內貞吉
比bǐbelong, affiliate, associate, join with
之zhīthis, them, these, such
自zìcomes from; begins, starts, originates from
內nèiwithin, inside
貞zhēnpersistence, resolve, loyalty, commitment
吉jípromising, auspicious, hopeful
Line 3: 比之匪人
比bǐbelong, affiliate, associate, join with, to
之zhīthis, them, these, such
匪fěian inferior, bad, negative, wrong
人rénpeople, group; person, individual, crowd
Line 4: 外比之貞吉
外wàioutward, external, openly, on the outside
比bǐbelong, affiliate, associate, joining with
之zhīthis, them, these
貞zhēnpersistence, resolve, loyalty, commitment
吉jípromising, auspicious, hopeful
Line 5: 顯比王用三驅失前禽邑人不誡吉
顯xiǎnevident, exemplified, illustrated, manifest
比bǐbelonging, affiliation, association
王wángthe sovereign, ruler, king
用yòngemploys, uses, makes use of, works with
三sānonly three
驅qūmounted game flushers, chasers, drivers
失shīforgoing, giving up, letting go of
前qiánthe leading, advance, foremost, forward/first
禽qínof the quarry, game, prey; birds, animals
邑yìthe, his town's, community's, district's
人rénpeople, population, inhabitants, citizens
不bùare not, will not be; free of, from; -ion
誡jiècoerced, enjoined, conscripted, compelled
吉jípromising, auspicious, hopeful
Line 6: 比之無首凶
比bǐjoining with
之zhīthis, them, these
無wúwithout, with no, regardless of
首shǒupriorities, leadership, first principles, head
凶xiōngunfortunate, ill-omened; trouble, pitfalls
Practical Guidance
水在地上。五條陰爻圍住一個陽剛中心。冒險團隊——有互補技能嘅陌生人,因共同目標團結,結合埋因為佢哋需要對方先可以喺地下城生存。
你而家組緊團隊,開始緊項目,起緊公司。你需要唔同技能、唔同視角、做到你做唔到嘅事嘅人。D&D 明白但大部分組織錯過嘅嘢:團隊有效因為每個成員帶嚟唔可或缺嘅嘢。戰士唔識施法。法師喺近戰會死。盜賊唔識治療。牧師準備咒語時需要保護。單獨嘅話,佢哋會失敗。一齊嘅話,佢哋好勁。
關鍵問題:你值唔值得信賴做中心?地下城主坐喺陽剛嘅第五位——創造世界,裁決規則,保持一致。真正嘅責任。如果 DM 反覆無常,偏心,破壞自己嘅規則,遊戲就會崩潰。玩家離開。友誼解散。
如果你唔夠資格做中心——而大部分人喺大部分情況都唔夠——就加入其他人嘅團隊。搵個值得信賴嘅 DM 並貢獻你嘅技能。呢個唔係弱點。最好嘅戰役有信任 DM 嘅玩家,專注扮演好自己角色。戰士唔需要運作世界;佢哋需要守住防線,等法師準備火球術。
但如果無足夠嘅中心存在,可能你要擲 d20 並成為呢個中心。呢個需要真正嘅能力。你假裝唔到做一個好 DM。玩家喺一個 session 內就會知你有無準備、公唔公平、關唔關心一齊講緊嘅故事。
D&D 創造咗之後所有多人遊戲嘅模板:互補角色、共同目標、協作解決問題、骰子作為命運抽樣機制。從 MUD 到 MMO 到現代 raid 機制——全部都係冒險團隊模式,圍住值得信賴嘅中心結合,透過共享敘事尋求團結。
原則:真正嘅相互依賴創造嘅連結比強迫團結更強。團隊保持一齊因為佢哋需要對方,信任對方,並分享值得追求嘅嘢。無呢啲元素,你只係同一間房嘅人,等緊遊戲結束。
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