Hexagram 37: 家人

jiā rénfamily members

Upper TrigramWind
Lower TrigramFire

Judgment

jiāfamily, familiar, home, living with, domestic
rénmembers, people, folk, others, human beings
worth; reward, merit, earn, optimize
(a, the) (young) woman's, lady's; feminine
zhēnpersistence, resolve, loyalty, commitment

The Family. The perseverance of the woman furthers. The one who manages flow and maintains connection between elements ensures the system functions. Consistency in role execution enables the whole.

Image

fēng(the) wind
from (within), out of
huǒ(the) fire, flame
chūemerges, originates; comes, goes (forth)
jiāfamily
rénmembers
jūn(a, the) noble, worthy, honored
young one, heir, disciple
accordingly, therefore, thus; uses, applies
yánspeaks; words, speech
yǒuwith; which have
substance, content, reality
érand
xíngacts, behaves; action(s), behavior, conduct
yǒuwith; which have
héngconsistency, continuity, duration

Wind comes forth from fire: thus the superior man has substance in his words and duration in his way of life. Words must have power through being based on something real. Conduct must be consistent.

Digital Artifact

Unix Philosophy: The Compositional Family

Ken Thompson & Dennis Ritchie (1969)

Unix isn't monolithic—it's a family of tools sharing common protocols. Each utility knows its role: grep searches, sort sorts, awk processes, sed transforms. They communicate through pipes without encroaching on domains. The kernel provides leadership. The shell manages flow. Utilities have proper character and place. Wind comes forth from Fire—influence radiating outward. The Unix philosophy spreads from Bell Labs: do one thing well, work together, handle text streams. This pattern replicates across systems, languages, architectures. Family structure scales because each element maintains proper role while contributing to the whole. Influence from within outward.

Historical Context

Period
Zhou Dynasty
Oracle Bone Etymology
Wind (☴) above, Fire (☲) below—the Gentle mounted on the Clinging. Wind coming forth from fire, representing influence from within outward.
Traditional Use
Wilhelm describes this as the laws operative within the household that, transferred to outside life, keep state and world in order. Each line represents family relationships: father, son, husband, wife, brothers.

Lines

Line 1: 閑有家悔亡

xiándiscipline, restraint, control; boundaries
yǒuhold, contain, maintain, retain
jiā(a, the) family, home, household
huǐregret(s), remorse; regret, repent (and)
wángpass, disappear, dissolve; move on

Line 2: 無攸遂在中饋貞吉

(having) no, without, with no (a, an-, other)
yōucause, purpose, direction, goal; special
suìto pursue, follow, adopt, go after; pursuits
zàiremain, stay (ing); stationed (on the)
zhōnginside, within; in the center, middle
kuìmaking, preparing food, meals; cooking
zhēnpersistence, determination, resolve, loyalty
(is) promising, auspicious, opportune, timely

Line 3: 家人嗃嗃悔厲吉婦子嘻嘻終吝

jiāthe family, familiar, home
rénmembers, people, folk
(are) sharply; (are) scolded; clamoring
rebuked; severely; (and) shouting
huǐ(a) regrettable, repentable, thoughtless; regret
harshness, rigor, distress, severity; stress
(but, though, yet) opportune, timely
(but) wife
(and) child
(are) smirking, snickering, tittering
(and) mocking, frivolous, giggling
zhōng(this) concludes, results, ends in; leads to
lìndisgrace, humiliation, shame, embarrassment

Line 4: 富家大吉

enriching, providing for; (a, the) prosperous
jiā(the) family, home, household
much, great, full of, a lot of
promise, hope, opportunity, well-being

Line 5: 王假有家勿恤吉

wáng(as, when) (the) sovereign, king, ruler
jiǎcomes, goes to, draws near to; approaches
yǒuhis
jiāfamily, home, household
do not, don't (ever); never
be anxious, concerned; worry(ied) (about)
(the) promise, hope, luck, opportunity, fortune

Line 6: 有孚威如終吉

yǒubeing, holding, staying; having, finding
true, sincere, confident, assured; truth, etc.
wēidignified, majestic, impressive, imposing
(is) like, as good as, quite (being)
zhōng(the) outcome, conclusion; in the end
(is) (just as) promising, auspicious, hopeful

Practical Guidance

You're building something that needs to work as a coherent system while allowing individual components autonomy. This is the family pattern: defined roles, clear boundaries, mutual dependence. Here's what this probably means: your interfaces must be based on genuine requirements, not theoretical elegance. Unix utilities communicate through text streams because text is a real, universal need—not because someone thought it would be philosophically pure. The flame depends on fuel. The family structure succeeds through several mechanisms. First, firm seclusion within boundaries—each component knows its domain and doesn't overreach. Second, the center (the shell, the mother) manages flow without imposing arbitrary will—serving actual needs, not whims. Third, proper balance between severity and indulgence—strong protocols where they matter, flexibility within those bounds. The failure mode: when components don't respect boundaries or when there's no strong architectural authority. Too great severity leads to rigidity and remorse. Too great weakness—letting every component do whatever it wants—leads to disgrace. Unmaintainable chaos. If you're designing systems or teams, establish clear roles early. Make boundaries firm but not oppressive. Ensure that whoever manages flow—the shell, the product owner, the architect—focuses on actual needs, not personal preferences. And most importantly: let your work command respect through inner truth. Through actually solving real problems consistently, rather than through external force. The family pattern scales because it's based on natural relationships between differentiated but interdependent elements. Same principle applies whether you're designing software, organizing teams, or architecting systems.

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