Hexagram 33:

dùndistancing

Upper TrigramHeaven
Lower TrigramMountain

Judgment

dùndistance, retreat, step back, withdrawing
hēngfulfillment, satisfaction, success, completion
xiǎoa, in, for, of the little, small, minor things
it is worthwhile, rewarding; advantage in
zhēnto be persistent, perseverance; determined, focused

Retreat. Success. In what is small, perseverance furthers. Wozniak didn't abandon everything—he kept his Apple connection, his stock, his friendships. Small acts of persistence during retreat prepare for future advance.

Image

tiānheaven, the sky
xiàbelow, beneath, underneath
yǒuthere is, are
shāna, the mountains
dùndistancing
jūna, the noble, worthy, honored
young one, heir, disciple
accordingly, therefore, thus
yuǎnis distant, far, remote, removed from
xiǎothe little, small, common, ordinary, average
rénpeople, ones, folk, population, humanity
not with, without, with no; it, this is not
èill will, dislike, malice, hatred, repulsion
érbut with
yándignity, solemnity, gravity, reservations

Mountain under heaven: the superior man keeps the inferior at a distance, not angrily but with reserve. Wozniak never raged about corporate Apple. He just... stepped back. No public battles, no dramatic exits, just quiet withdrawal into projects that matched his values.

Digital Artifact

Wozniak Leaving Apple

Steve Wozniak (1985)

By 1985, Woz was done. Not fired, not forced out—he chose to retreat. Apple had become something else: corporate, political, managed by people who understood business rather than engineering. The Apple II was his triumph, but the company had moved beyond it to Macintosh, to boardroom conflicts, to Steve Jobs versus John Sculley. Wozniak saw what was coming and withdrew: not in defeat, but in preservation of self. He kept his stock, stayed friends with Apple, but ceased daily involvement. He taught school, funded education programs, started new ventures. The retreat wasn't surrender—it was recognizing when the environment no longer nourishes what you are. Heaven (creative principle) retreating from mountain (obstruction). The superior man doesn't hate the obstacle; he simply ceases struggling against it and preserves his force for better conditions.

Historical Context

Period
Zhou Dynasty
Oracle Bone Etymology
Heaven (☰) above, Mountain (☶) below—creative principle above, keeping still below.
Traditional Use
The classical text describes retreat as strength, not weakness. Recognizing when hostile forces advance and withdrawing to preserve power for future counter-movement.

Lines

Line 1: 遯尾厲勿用有攸往

dùnwithdrawing, hiding, concealing, covering
wěithe, that, one's own tail, loose ends, trail
in distress, difficulty, trouble, danger
not at all, it is not; no
yònguseful, practical, helpful, productive; use
yǒuto have; in having
yōusomewhere; a place, direction, purpose
wǎngto go; in going; ahead, beyond

Line 2: 執之用黃牛之革莫之勝說

zhíto bind, tie up, hold; control, containing
zhīit, this, them
yòngwith, using; use, try
huángyellow, yellow-brown, golden
niúcow
zhī's
rawhide; hide
none; nobody; not one, no one
zhīwill; has, will have; of them; it
shèngsuccess in; succeed in; can; is, are able to
shuōgetting it loose, free, untied; escaping

Line 3: 係遯有疾厲畜臣妾吉

entangled up; complicated, involved
dùnretreat, withdrawal, retirement, escape
yǒuthere is, will be; being, having; becoming
urgent; anxiety, hasty; anxious, hurried
and difficulty; distress, pressured; harsh
chùattending to, caring for; to manage, train
chénthe, one's servant, retainer, subject, aides
qièand concubine, handmaiden, servant girls
was, would have been opportune, timely

Line 4: 好遯君子吉小人否

hǎoa voluntary, chosen, elective, discretionary
dùnretreat, withdrawal, distance, retirement
jūna, the noble, worthy, honored
young one, heir, disciple's
good fortune, timing, luck; opportunity
xiǎothe ordinarily, commonly; small, lesser
rénpeople, ones, folk, individuals, humans
deny, negate, disapprove; are in denial

Line 5: 嘉遯貞吉

jiācommendable, praiseworthy, admirable
dùnretreat, withdrawal, distancing, reservation
zhēnpersistence, determination, resolve, firmness
is promising, auspicious, opportune, timely

Line 6: 肥遯無不利

féihealthy, sleek, fertile, resourceful, fruitful
dùnretreat, withdrawal, distancing, reservation
without; there is nothing
doubt; that is not; which cannot be
worthwhile, turned to advantageous

Practical Guidance

Retreat is not failure. Flight is failure—panic, chaos, abandoning position under direct pressure. Retreat is strategic withdrawal while you still have the power to withdraw cleanly. You don't wait for winter's full force to prepare for winter. You retreat when you see the signs, while you still have options. Wozniak left before the really ugly stuff—the board battles that ejected Jobs, the struggles of the late '80s, the near-death experience of the '90s. He saw the trajectory and withdrew. The difficult part is distinguishing between temporary obstacle (which you should push through) and fundamental incompatibility (which you should retreat from). Wozniak loved engineering for its own sake; Apple became about market dominance and corporate competition. That's not a temporary misalignment—that's divergent core values. When your presence can't change the direction and staying means compromising what you are, retreat. Wozniak's retreat was somewhere between voluntary and cheerful. He'd already detached internally; the physical withdrawal was just acknowledging reality. And what happened? He became happier, stayed friends with Jobs, returned for iPhone launches and company celebrations. Retreat preserved the relationship by ending the daily conflict. The story about his realization in Hawaii is perfect: he went there to code, looked out at dolphins playing in the ocean, felt the warm breeze, thought 'I don't have to do this anymore.' Inner freedom so complete that the external withdrawal is almost effortless. He wasn't running from threat; he was moving toward alignment with his actual values. Even with the Apple II providing 85% of Apple's sales in early 1985, the company's annual meeting didn't mention the Apple II division or its employees. That's when you know: the organization has moved on, and you should too. Not with resentment—with clarity. Wozniak said he 'missed the fun of the early days.' When the work stops being what you came for, retreat isn't giving up. It's refusing to compromise your essential nature for an environment that no longer supports it. When the environment no longer supports your growth, withdrawing isn't giving up. It's refusing to let incompatible circumstances grind you down. If the system can't be fixed and you can't thrive in it, exit gracefully while you still have the energy to build something better elsewhere.

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