Hexagram 23: 剝
bō — decompose, break down, strip(ing) away
Judgment
Splitting Apart. It does not further one to go anywhere. The time for action has passed. The right behavior is submission and quiet waiting—not cowardice but wisdom.
Image
The mountain rests on the earth: the image of Splitting Apart. Thus those above can ensure their position only by giving generously to those below. Leaders maintain stability not through pride but through broad support.
Digital Artifact
ENIAC Decommissioning
U.S. Army (1955)
ENIAC—Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer—first general-purpose electronic computer. Unveiled 1946, filled an entire room, 18,000 vacuum tubes, calculated artillery trajectories. By 1955: obsolete. Transistors were coming. ENIAC's vacuum tubes failed constantly, required enormous power, couldn't compete with newer architectures. So the Army shut it down. Five dark lines, one light line at the top about to be overwhelmed. The splitting apart was inevitable—not because anyone wanted it, but because time conditions demanded it. You can't fight technological obsolescence through force of will. The smart move, per the classical text: don't undertake action. Submit to the time. Let the mountain (ENIAC's institutional prestige) rest on earth's broad foundation rather than trying to stand proud and steep. The engineers who worked on ENIAC didn't stop computing; they moved to new systems. Some withdrew from practical work entirely—like line six, setting themselves higher goals, creating human values for the future in teaching and research. The splitting apart wasn't failure; it was recognition that yin power (new technology, market forces, physical limitations) had its season. The seed of good remained: ENIAC's architecture influenced everything that came after.
Historical Context
- Period
- Zhou Dynasty
- Oracle Bone Etymology
- Mountain (☶) sits above, Earth (☷) sits below—mountain resting on earth, requiring broad base for stability.
- Traditional Use
- The classical text describes dark lines mounting upward to overthrow the last light line through gradual disintegration. Linked to ninth month (October-November), when yin power pushes upward to supplant yang entirely.
Lines
Line 1: 剝床以足蔑貞凶
Line 2: 剝床以辨蔑貞凶
Line 3: 剝之無咎
Line 4: 剝床以膚凶
Line 5: 貫魚以宮人寵無不利
Line 6: 碩果不食君子得輿小人剝廬
Practical Guidance
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